Announced Top 10 most breakthrough scientific discoveries in 2013 - TOP News.RU

TOP 10

1 Khodorkovsky: I am grateful to Putin that he did not voice my letter to him

1 Khodorkovsky: I am grateful to Putin that he did not voice my letter to him

2 Roy Jones Jr. in Moscow won a world title and danced rap

2 Roy Jones Jr. in Moscow won a world title and danced rap

3 In the suburban train masked man opened fire on passengers

3 In the suburban train masked man opened fire on passengers

4 In Khakassia regime introduced by the earthquake disaster

4 In Khakassia regime introduced by the earthquake disaster

5 Doctors implanted the first patient fully autonomous artificial heart

5 Doctors implanted the first patient fully autonomous artificial heart

6 Pilot crashed in Namibia aircraft deliberately crashed into the ground

6 Pilot crashed in Namibia aircraft deliberately crashed into the ground

7 Chapter Bank “Industrial” detained in Moscow for fraud 2 billion

7 head of the bank” Industrial “detained in Moscow for fraud 2 billion

8 Russia lost to the Czech Republic on the First Channel Cup

8 Russia defeated the Czech Republic on the First Channel Cup

9 Putin signed a law limiting the cost of credit

9 Putin signed a law limiting the cost of credit

10 Naryshkin and Zhirinovsky lit on New Year corporate party in the State Duma

10 Naryshkin and Zhirinovsky lit on New Year corporate party in the State Duma

Posted 21.12.13 13:30

Science Magazine chose ten most important scientific achievements, as well as breakthroughs predicted next year. Breakthrough in 2013 in Science magazine recognized methods of cancer immunotherapy.

scientific journal Science named ten most important discoveries in the past year that changed the world, according to “Gazeta” and RIA Novosti.

Here are

top 10 scientific discoveries completely:

1. main scientific breakthrough of the year according to Science named the success of clinical trials have confirmed the efficacy relatively new method of cancer treatment. The method of immunotherapy involves the body’s immune system to incite its same cells – those that unexpectedly genetically modified and start uncontrollably share. Give the command “face!” Human immunity may vaccine, but not preventive, which are used against tuberculosis or influenza, and therapeutic that is administered to a patient already ill. The main task of such vaccines – to teach the immune system to recognize the enemy.
2. newest technology editing gene CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspased Short Palindromic Repeats), which allows to deal with the disease by correcting the gene, in the past year has witnessed a boom in terms of publications, and in terms of public interest. Only ten months she was devoted to more than 50 scientific articles, which described the experiments on the DNA of mice, rats, bacteria, yeast, zebrafish, worms, fruit flies and human cells. All this allows the protein Cas9, helping to deactivate, delete and change certain genes.
3. Technology CLARITY was another discovery of the year, will allow scientists to modify the paths to the study of the brain. Scientists have figured out how to make brain tissue transparent as glass: for this they replaced the light scattering lipid molecules that form the cell membrane, the molecules of a transparent gel. Thus they managed to keep neurons of other brain cells and their organelles, intact.
4. Isolation of stem cells from a cloned human embryo , for which two days earlier was marked Shukhrat Mitalip also did not go unnoticed edition. Technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer, was used 17 years ago to clone the famous Dolly the sheep. In this year were able to extract stem cells from a cloned human embryo, after finding the important role played by caffeine molecule stabilizing eggs.
5. Growing Artificial Organs took its place in the top ten breakthroughs of the year. This year, scientists were able to grow such specific mini-organs as the liver, lungs and mini – the most outstanding – rudimentary brain tissue. Artificial brains grown Austrian scientists, different from the present. In the absence of blood supply to the brain cells stop growing when they reach the size of an apple seed, and without access to oxygen and nutrients are killed.
Thanks
6. Fermi Space Telescope, astronomers at this proved that birthplace of cosmic rays, penetrating through the thickness of the atmosphere, are supernova explosions, catastrophic explosions, which stars end their evolution.
7. Research in the field of new photovoltaic systems , quite simply, the solar panels. Despite the fact that the solar cell started based perovskite lag until efficacy of silicon panels which cover the roof worldwide, their use, these promises much cheaper alternative energy sources.
8. entered the list of top research and discoveries of the year, finally gave the answer to the question, why we sleep. The main function of the brain during sleep – leaching of harmful substances from it and toxins that have accumulated during wakefulness.
9. special attention worthy scientists began studying it, what organisms that live in the human body are responsible for our health or, conversely, can cause disease. Study of individual microbes and their effects on health – the first step toward personalized medicine.
10. addition, the magazine noted use tools of structural biology to develop a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) – because of him in the hospital every year millions of babies fall. After 18 months, American scientists hope to get a good preparation for the test.

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