The US space agency NASA announced that the new 2015 began with observations for astronomers a unique phenomenon – a huge coronal hole at the south pole of the sun. Solar Dynamics Observatory January 1, 2015 found on the surface of the star dark area and planted it in a picture.
coronal holes on the Sun – is the region where the magnetic field lines are disconnected star. Plasma no longer held in the solar space and rushes into space. Accordingly, at this point on the surface of the Sun is reduced plasma density and temperature. So there is the area visible in X-rays as a dark spot – coronal hole.
The first pictures of this phenomenon were obtained by NASA in 1973 and 1974. Form coronal hole changes all the time, but she herself can survive for a long time – more than five years.
Coronal holes – factor influencing space weather. Plasma emanating from them, becomes an element of “solar wind”. The flow of particles carrying the Sun, is accelerated in the Earth’s radiation belts, gets its magnetosphere. Their behavior in the magnetosphere are studying two satellites NASA, involved in the Van Allen Probes mission of the program “Living with a Star”.
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