Friday, May 6, 2016

Robot surgeon first independently conducted surgery on soft tissue – BBC News

In the US, the first robot surgeon performed surgery on soft tissue without the help of man. It would seem, on the robot surgeon media write for a long time. They are not so much, they are expensive and generally assisted by professional surgeons, but never before they are carried out operations on their own. The fact that the machine vision robot is not sufficiently developed to independently distinguish tissues and organs and consequently work with them.

But some time ago, a robotic “medic” Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot (abbreviated STAR), developed by scientists at Johns Hopkins University, the first time was able to independently carry out the procedure of imposing intestinal anastomosis (connection intestinal cells) on a pig. It is noted that the experiment was successful, the animal did not suffer

No one is immune from mistakes:. Even the most experienced surgeons who brings ever years of operations skills and adhere to a clear set of rules, can not be absolutely infallible. But what if the doctor would be able to combine their knowledge and experience together and create optimal surgical standard of care, which will be implemented with the help of machines? After all, computers can do precise calculations without much effort to make a sequence of movements and does not get tired (of their hand will not falter).

This is the idea behind the creation of robots-surgeons, who will soon be able to perform most operations:. by sewing tiny wounds before performing heart surgery

Many of these operations are already under way with the help of robots, such as “surgeon” Da Vinci. Such a device consists of two parts, the first is for the surgeon-operator, the second – four hands robotic arm – is the executing unit. However, such a device is only simulates each pitch of the surgeon, who supervises the process.

But a recent experiment conducted by scientists at Johns Hopkins University, has made it clear that the robot surgeons can become more self-reliant by performing operations on the soft tissues of the I am beginning to end without any human assistance. A surgeon, meanwhile, will simply stand by and watch the process.

To run the experiment, researchers have developed a robotic surgical system STAR. It is equipped with the image forming system of volumetric sensors and near infrared radiation to the robot can operate accurately with a soft tissue. (In intestinal tissue, which would need to connect, added fluorescent markers. They are necessary to ensure that the robot can be guided in the tissues.)

Most of the operations STAR times acted independently, and doctors just to watch him work.

The researchers compared the quality of the robot anastomosis with the results, which showed people. It is noted that the quality of the surgeon robot was even better.

As it turned out, the robot surgeon can adjust to the subtle movements and deformation of soft tissue to perform accurate and consistent stitches.

it is not clear when the robotic system can be used in the operations, but the researchers note that their goal is not to replace surgeons, and “to enhance human capacities and capabilities”.

So, the creators of the STAR are hoping that through two or three years, the robot-surgeon will be able to independently carry out standard and not very complex operations, such as removal of the inflamed appendix.

The study is published in the scientific journal Science Translational Medicine.

Recall that not so long ago, the scientific community has discussed the idea that robots will soon be able to replace people in the workplace.

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