RSC “Energia” experiences in orbit space lasers – SoftSraze: actual and objectively

2015-12-01 08:09 | Posted in Science and Technology

In Roskosmos reported an intention to conduct an experiment on wireless transmission of energy in space with the help of laser beam. By means of laser electricity on board the Russian segment of the ISS will be transferred to the transport ship “Progress”, which will be the distance to 1.5 km. Experiment by specialists RSC “Energia”. Reported Ghhauto.ru.

Many of the leading scientists of Russia are connected to the experiment. It is reported that domestic developers have managed to create a photovoltaic receivers converters with an efficiency of about 60%. “To resolve the beam guidance system based on the company prepared track, where the distance between the transmitter and receiver is 1.5 km away. The system is successfully operating in test mode, “- said head of the department of energy systems of space vehicles of the new generation of RSC” Energia “Vyacheslav Tugaenko

The specialists RSC” Energia “argue that the efficiency of the entire tract could within 10-20% and using the latest advances in laser technology and optoelectronics are all opportunities to increase it to 30%. Developers want to create an effective laser systems in the future to transmit power from the spacecraft powerful enough power plants to other spacecraft, equipped with special receivers-transmitters, which opens up new possibilities in the exploration of space.

refuel spacecraft offered in orbit for a long time; in various forms the idea formulated with the middle of the last century. In particular, the founder of the missile Wernher von Braun believed that satellite-refueling tankers will become a reality by the seventies of the last century.

NASA in February 2014 has conducted ground tests robotic system PROxiTT, designed for automated refueling satellites in orbit – the results were found to be successful. Even earlier, in 2011, Intelsat reported the contract with the Canadian company MDA to build orbital refueling tankers SIS, which will be able to deliver two tons of fuel for the spacecraft in geostationary orbit. But while the orbit of the satellite, no tanker was launched.

According to Andrei Ioannina, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. KE Tsiolkovsky, the active development of such areas of satellite as the creation of orbital refueling tankers, mainly prevents non-obvious economic feasibility of refueling satellites in orbit.

«It is necessary to build a complex spacecraft, display it in orbit, while the lack of fuel – this is not the most urgent problem for communications satellites owned by Intelsat, – quotes Ioannina “Izvestia”. – The geostationary satellites to provide electro-reactive engines for 20 years, and in reality, they have obsolete equipment before and crashes than running out of fuel. Refueling in orbit may be required in cases when the satellite is unique, expensive. For example, remote sensing device with high resolution may require additional – those flying in low orbits, a lot of maneuvering. Remote filling can be useful military apparatus ».

Russia will experience a unique space for the transmission of laser energy – commander

Rocket and Space Corporation (RSC) “Energy” is preparing a unique experiment on wireless transmission of energy.

We are talking of transmission technologies from one object to another by means of infrared laser radiation. At present the ground tests of the system, and then it will be tested in space. According to experts, the efficiency of the entire tract could reach 10-20 percent, and the use of the latest advances in laser technology and optoelectronics are all possibilities to increase it to 30 percent.

As the head of the department for energy systems of space vehicles a new generation of RSC “Energia” Vyacheslav Tugaenko, the project involved Russia’s leading laboratories and experts already have to equip the photovoltaic receivers-transmitters, which have an efficiency of about 60%.

Tugaenko also noted that the system has been successfully operating in test mode . Engineers believe that the efficiency of the path may be equal to about 10-20%, and in the case of the latest advances in optoelectronics and laser technology, it can be increased to 30%.

It is reported that the development of effective laser systems will make it possible to transfer power from the spacecraft has a powerful power plants, to other devices equipped with special receivers-transmitters. And this opens up entirely new opportunities in space.

NASA in February 2014 has conducted ground tests robotic system PROxiTT, designed for automated refueling satellites in orbit – the results were found to be successful. Even earlier, in 2011, Intelsat reported the contract with the Canadian company MDA to build orbital refueling tankers SIS, which will be able to deliver 2 tons of fuel for the spacecraft in geostationary orbit. But while the orbit of the satellite, no tanker was launched.

According to Andrei Ioannina, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. KE Tsiolkovsky, the active development of such areas of satellite as the creation of orbital refueling tankers, mainly prevents non-obvious economic feasibility of refueling satellites in orbit.

It is necessary to build a complex spacecraft, display it in orbit, while the lack of fuel – is not the most urgent problem for communications satellites owned by Intelsat, – says the son of Jonas. – The geostationary satellites to provide electro-reactive engines for 20 years, and in reality, they have obsolete equipment before and crashes than running out of fuel. Refueling in orbit may be required in cases when the satellite is unique, expensive. For example, remote sensing device with high resolution may require additional – those flying in low orbits, a lot of maneuvering. Remote filling can be useful military apparatus.

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Found in the Altai ancient amazon proved Man – BBC

In 1990, archaeologists discovered an amazing discovery – the burial of the two soldiers in southern Siberia, in the Altai Mountains. Remains of the representatives of the Pazyryk culture lay in the rich burial Alakha Ak-1 surrounded by sets of weapons, including iron battle-axes with wooden handles, iron knives in a wooden sheath, arrows and bows. This mound – the first in the history of studying Pazyryk nerazgrablennoe and “frozen” burial of noble warriors-riders with a fully-preserved burial items and pieces of costume.

At the same plateau three years later he was found “Siberian Ice Maiden” – the mummy of a young woman of about 25 years. According to the beliefs of the indigenous population of Altai,

«Princess,” also known as “white lady”, is the guardian of peace and is the guardian of the gates of the underworld, preventing the penetration of evil lower worlds.

Pazyryk culture – this archaeological culture of the Iron Age (VI-III centuries BC.), the main findings of objects that have been made in the Altai Mountains. Carriers of this culture lived in the adjacent territories of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Altai and Mongolia and were mainly engaged in nomadic cattle breeding.

Previously, anthropologists have found that in the first deck was buried a man 45-50 years old, the second – a young girl 16 17 years. However, a group of scientists from the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences found that

«Amazon» was a young boy.

The text of the study can be found in the magazine “Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia».

«The fact that one of the soldiers – a female, was previously defined on the basis of anthropological traits – says Alexander Pilipenko, one of the authors of the study and researcher at the Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS and Joint Laboratory NSU. – Scientists looked skeletal morphology, which gives a certain level of error. This error can be quite significant, especially in the case of sex determination in young individuals. That is mistaken in determining the sex of adults is difficult. During the period of puberty, when the skeleton is still nedoformirovanny, something can be confused.

In the case of sex determination in the young warrior, to my knowledge, one of the main markers was the morphology of the pelvic bones. But at the same pelvic bone “Amazons” totally not going to – they have been damaged. ”

The researchers found that soldiers have the same line of the Y-chromosome. This suggests that they are relatives in the male line. However, other markers indicate that the soldiers – not direct relatives, and, most likely, nephews and second cousins. According paleogenetics in one grave the two men have brought both family relationships and a certain social status, but their joint burial due to the current situation – both are experienced (probably each in its cause) last winter and were buried in the spring, when it became possible .

Adult soldier at the time of death was inactive disabled, unable to sit alone on his horse and died, apparently due to diseases of the spine.

In this case, scientists do not know for what reason the young man died.

It was previously thought that the male warrior and “Amazon” or were spouses or father with his daughter.

Both in Russia and abroad “Altai Amazon” was considered evidence the fact that the women of the nomadic civilizations possessed the art of war. “Who are obtained, there is no longer evidence of a female warrior nomads, – says Alexander Pilipenko. – Objective data led to the fact that the reconstruction of the female warriors were canceled ».

The study lasted for about a year. To determine the sex of “Amazons” scientists have used methods of molecular genetic analysis using four systems of genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA polymorphic gene fragment amelogenin, STR-loci autosomes and STR-loci of the Y-chromosome).

Pylypenko notices that in the case of the famous “Siberian Ice Maiden” no problems with the identification of sex, as it has been preserved as a mummy.

RSC “Energia” will test the laser on board the ISS – Express-News

30.11 | 16:36

Experts of the Russian space agency had planned to carry out the experiment, which aims to identify possibilities of wireless transmission of energy in outer space using a special laser system. And, as the newspaper “Izvestia”, by laser specialists Roscosmos will try to pass on board the Russian segment of the ISS some of the electricity transport ship “Progress».

As stated in the report, the preparation of the experiment by specialists RSC “Energia “that are connected to the process leading laboratories of the country. At the same time Head of the energy systems of space vehicles of the new generation of RSC “Energia” Vyacheslav Tugaenko states that the potential of the research team already has receivers photoelectric converters, the efficiency of which is around 60%. On the other hand, based on the company is already prepared the relevant route through which will be practiced system of beam pointing.

According to experts RSC “Energia”, the system has already passed a successful start commissioning in test mode and shows the efficiency tract within 10-20 percent. If you use the latest advances in laser technology, this indicator can be increased by another 10 percent. And if the experiment will take place in the specified format, very soon we will be able to transmit power from the spacecraft with powerful power plants to other objects, equipped with special receivers-transmitters. Thus, it can be directly refueling satellites in orbit, thereby opening new horizons of studying outer space.

Federal Space Agency is preparing to test a space laser – Business Portal

30 on November 2015 g of.

Roscosmos has planned a unique experiment for wireless transfer of energy in space: instead of wires to be used a laser beam – of his electricity on board the Russian segment of the ISS will be transferred to the transport ship “Progress”, which will be allocated to the station at a distance of about 1.5 km.

Preparing for an Experiment by specialists RSC “Energia” – its experts have already begun ground testing technology of power transmission from one object to another by means of infrared laser radiation.

– joined the project leading laboratories in the country, and today We already have photovoltaic receivers converters with an efficiency of about 60%, – says head of department for energy systems of space vehicles of the new generation of RSC “Energia” Vyacheslav Tugaenko. – “To resolve the beam guidance system based on the company, prepared the track, where the distance between the transmitter and receiver is 1.5 km away. The system operates successfully in an experimental mode.

According to specialists RSC “Energia”, the efficiency of the entire tract may reach 10-20%, and the use of the latest advances in laser technology and optoelectronics are all opportunities to increase it to 30 %.

– As a result of the initial research has come to understand that we can carry out such an experiment in space – says Tugaenko. – In the space experiment is planned to transfer energy to the ISS on the transport-cargo ship “Progress”, which will be allotted to this station for 1-2 km.

According to the developers of RSC “Energia”, the creation of effective laser systems will eventually transfer power from the spacecraft powerful enough power plants to other spacecraft, equipped with special receivers-transmitters, which opens up new possibilities in the exploration of space.

The idea of ​​refueling satellites in orbit itself is quite old; in different kinds of it formulated the middle of last century. In particular, the founder of the missile Wernher von Braun believed that satellite-refueling tankers will become a reality in about 70 years of the last century.

NASA in February 2014 has conducted ground tests robotic system PROxiTT, designed for automated refueling satellites orbit – the results were found to be successful. Even earlier, in 2011, Intelsat reported the contract with the Canadian company MDA to build orbital refueling tankers SIS, which will be able to deliver 2 tons of fuel for the spacecraft in geostationary orbit. But while the orbit of the satellite, no tanker was launched.

According to Andrei Ioannina, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. KE Tsiolkovsky, the active development of such areas of satellite as the creation of orbital refueling tankers, mainly prevents non-obvious economic feasibility of refueling satellites in orbit.

– It is necessary to build a complex spacecraft, display it in orbit, while the lack of fuel – this is not the most urgent problem for communications satellites owned by Intelsat, – says the son of Jonas. – The geostationary satellites to provide electro-reactive engines for 20 years, and in reality, they have obsolete equipment before and crashes than running out of fuel. Refueling in orbit may be required in cases when the satellite is unique, expensive. For example, remote sensing device with high resolution may require additional – those flying in low orbits, a lot of maneuvering. Remote filling can be useful military apparatus.

Ivan Cheberko

Russia will experience a unique space for the transmission of laser energy – 3DNews

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Server Management Finance Berdsk became a victim of the virus – REGNUM

Berdsk, Novosibirsk region, 30 November 2015, 15:30 – REGNUM Finance Management Administration Berdsk Novosibirsk region has undergone a virus attack. On this day, November 30, the press center of the city administration with reference to the statement of Head of Unit Irina Wagner . It is learned that the infection occurred on 27 November, when corporate mail department received a letter that the address management sued. The letter was attached to the file alleged statement to the court. After opening the attached file, the virus began the destruction and coding of information available on the computer.

Initially, regional media reported that a virus got to the management server, and as a result of computers being infected much of the data was lost and could not recover. However, as specified IA REGNUM in the city administration, at the moment 99% of the information is restored. “For service control computers responsible contractor, they are professionals and now everything is working normally. However, it is difficult to say, one or more computers were infected ».

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Scientists: gold funerary mask of Tutankhamun meant Nefertiti – KM.RU

An archaeologist Nicholas Reeves, a former curator of the department of ancient Egypt in the British Museum, came to the conclusion that is made of gold funerary mask of Tutankhamun was not meant for this Pharaoh, and to Nefertiti.

According to Reeves, at this point for two reasons.

The first of them – a gold mask in September 2015 was found retouched printed with the name of Nefertiti. The second reason is that the ears pierced mask appeared, and it is typical of masks, which were intended for women and children, reports The Independent.

These discoveries were made after the remediation of the funerary mask of Tutankhamun. As a result of the accident she was no longer a beard, which was then glued into place.

“Kommersant”: each point exam future salary increases of 2% – BBC

30.11.2015, 06:45

According to the head of the laboratory studies of the labor market School of Economics Sergei Roshchin and junior researcher Victor Rudakov “Impact of the” quality “of high school graduates on wages”, salaries of graduates with high average score of receiving 30-40% higher than that of young professionals who have completed less stringent to score higher education. This writes the «Kommersant» .

The average salary of graduates (based on a sample of their age is 27 years old) – 24 thousand. Rub. According to the researchers, in a sample of dominated for technical graduates (29%) and teachers (19%) of universities, as well as classical universities (25%).

The highest salary was the expected graduates of social and economic institutions (28.4 ths. rub.), the lowest – the graduates of agricultural universities (19.5 ths. rub.). According to Sergey Roshchin, research, thanks to its sample, take greater account of the situation with salaries in the regions rather than in Moscow. The largest number of respondents have graduated from high schools with an average score of admission exam from 59 to 65, the maximum average score admission exam for them was 85.2, the minimum – 45,2.

It is noted that each additional score obtained in CSE increases the income of the young employee by 2%. In general, training in quality university “allows” to increase their wages in the labor market in Russia by about a third.

NASA astronaut – a unique picture of the Earth in the night – Commander

NASA astronaut Scott Kelly, who publishes its accounts in social networks, photo taken from the ISS, a new shared an impressive image. At this time, the photograph depicts Earth at sunset.

The caption to the photo Kelly wrote “Earth in a warm blanket of dusk.” The International Space Station is orbiting the Earth at a distance of 352 kilometers above the surface.

Scott Kelly and his partner cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko are on board the International Space Station with a one-year mission. Their return home is scheduled for March 3, 2016, they will spend in space 342 days, which will give scientists a better understanding of how the human body reacts and adapts to prolonged space flight.

Earlier, Kelly published a photo of the meeting of the day or night above the Earth.

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Egyptologist: Mask of Tutankhamun was originally intended for Nefertiti – TVNZ

The famous golden mask of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun was originally made for his stepmother, Queen Nefertiti. This was announced by the British Egyptologist Nicolas Reeves.

He had additional tests, which showed that the characters with the name of Tutankhamun were deposited on top of other labels. Reeves suggested that the mask was first written in the full title of Nefertiti – “living embodiment of the god of the sun, the beloved Akhenaten, the fairest of the most beautiful of the solar disk,” reports The Independent.

According to the Egyptologist mask manufactured for the queen, but then put it in the store and a little undone, used at the funeral of Tutankhamun.

It was reported earlier that Nefertiti quite possibly was buried in one of the rooms of the tomb of the pharaoh Tutanhamona.Rivz using a special scanner pissledoval pyramid and found secret room.

Egyptologist: Mask of Tutankhamun was originally intended for Nefertiti – TVNZ

The famous golden mask of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun was originally made for his stepmother, Queen Nefertiti. This was announced by the British Egyptologist Nicolas Reeves.

He had additional tests, which showed that the characters with the name of Tutankhamun were deposited on top of other labels. Reeves suggested that the mask was first written in the full title of Nefertiti – “living embodiment of the god of the sun, the beloved Akhenaten, the fairest of the most beautiful of the solar disk,” reports The Independent.

According to the Egyptologist mask manufactured for the queen, but then put it in the store and a little undone, used at the funeral of Tutankhamun.

It was reported earlier that Nefertiti quite possibly was buried in one of the rooms of the tomb of the pharaoh Tutanhamona.Rivz using a special scanner pissledoval pyramid and found secret room.

Egipetologi named Nefertiti present mistress mask of Tutankhamun – Interfax

Moscow. 29th of November. INTERFAX.RU – British Egyptologist Nicolas Reeves (Nicholas Reeves) said that the famous golden mask of King Tutankhamun was actually originally made for his stepmother, Queen Nefertiti.

As reports The Independent, this conclusion Reeves came after additional tests, which showed that the characters with the name of Tutankhamun were deposited on top of other labels. It is assumed that, initially, on the mask was written by the full title of Nefertiti – “living embodiment of the god of the sun, the beloved Akhenaten, the fairest of the finest solar disk”

Of course, the features on the mask were brought into line with the appearance of Tutankhamun.

Presumably, the mask produced for the Queen, but then it was put in storage and a bit altered, used at the funeral of Tutankhamun.

Why Nefertiti deprived mask

It is believed to archaeologists, designed Nefertiti mask could alter to Tutankhamun because of the difficult political situation in the country.

The queen and her husband, the Pharaoh Akhenaten had a radical religious reform in ancient Egypt, setting monotheism and entering the cult of the god Aten, who represents the solar disk. Aten was regarded as the earthly incarnation of Akhenaten himself.

Nefertiti was the co-ruler of the country, and Akhenaten died shortly thereafter. The title has passed its eight-year son, Tutankhamun, and the queen continued to rule with stepson.

As said by historians, within three years of Nefertiti was trying to find a compromise between monotheism and the old beliefs, but then she died.

The Queen of pre-start preparations for his own funeral, it was assumed that she would be buried with all the honors of the pharaoh, including a gold mask.

But after her death came to power supporters of the old polytheistic religion, and Tutankhamun continued to act Pharaoh’s puppet. Priests managed to almost completely destroy the cult of Aten.

The find Reeves confirms the theory that the death of Nefertiti was buried just like the queen, attempting to deny the true titles and hide information about the political significance.

Where lies the queen

Reeves is also involved in the study of the tomb of the pharaoh. He belongs to the theory that the tomb was originally built for Nefertiti. She was the first wife of Akhenaten (Amenhotep IV), the father of Tutankhamun.

According to him, behind the wall of the tomb of Tutankhamun, there is another room where, probably, lies the body of the queen, which is still not found.

On Sunday, the scientists said that 90% believe that the wall does have another room. Finally, confirm the existence of a secret room should analysis made by the thermal images that will hold in Japan.

Meanwhile, the assumption Reeves proves loyalty theories argue that many items in the tomb of Tutankhamun – for example, one of the sarcophagi, miniature tank of gold pectorals, golden statuette – in fact been made to other members of the dynasty of pharaohs.

NASA has laid out a board game about black holes after the “Black Friday” – Krasnoyarsk news – krasnews.com

The game is dedicated to the “Black Friday”, which is in the United States the first day of a big sale before Christmas.

As informs “Gazeta.ru,” referring to the press service of NASA, the US space agency in the framework of the “Black Friday “is available for download on its website the board game” Falling into a black hole. ” “Here is a free game about black holes” – writes pr-service NASA informs GazetaRu. If tokens to the finish line is not enough, the player of a wormhole (it wormhole) will return almost to the very beginning of the mission to perform it again. In his message, which was posted to Twitter by professionals NASA noted that in the game to all fans of board games is offered an unforgettable journey through the galaxy and reach the black hole.

During any course players need to pull cards with tasks – to implement them have to fly the rest of the field card.

The tomb of Tutankhamun was found room, which may be the tomb of Nefertiti – TASS

CAIRO, November 29. / Correspondent. TASS Dean Drunk /. In the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun in Luxor has a secret room, which may be the tomb of Queen Nefertiti. This was announced by Minister of Antiquities of Egypt Mamdouh al-Damato, to local media.

According to him, spent the past few days radiological examination and infrared scanning (thermography) established the presence of the space of the northern wall of the tomb. “This allows us to say that there is another tomb, – he said. – We are confident that by 90%.” Scientists hope that it belongs to one of the first beauties of ancient Egyptian queen Nefertiti, whose mummy had still not been found.

The theory of finding the burial chamber of Nefertiti in the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun nominated British scientist Nicholas Reeves, who for a long time studying the ancient tomb. It was he who suggested that the open British archaeologist Howard Carter in 1922, the tomb contains more space, and one of them, most likely, is the tomb of the wife of Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) Nefertiti.

After analyzing the gold mask of Tutankhamun, Reeves He suggested that in ancient times it has been redone, but was originally made for a woman’s face, that is designed specifically for the queen. Moreover, the researchers believe that the tomb was intended solely for Nefertiti, who died in 1331 BC, but the sudden death of Tutankhamun at the age of 19 in 1323 BC, which was the son of Akhenaten, made their adjustments. As a result, the young king, who did not manage to build a tomb, buried in the already finished mausoleum.

Now, Minister, to the analysis of the results of the scan start Japanese scientists, and when they publish their findings, the researchers will be engaged directly with the secret room.

About Tutankhamen, the pharaoh XVIII dynasty of the New Kingdom era, very little is known. Inscriptions, which indicate the exact origin of the Pharaoh, do not exist. Based on the results of the combined analysis of DNA and radiological study of mummies, scientists believe that the parents of Tutankhamun was Akhenaten and his sister. At the same time, the identity of the mother has not been established for certain. Some researchers consider it the mother of Akhenaten Kiiu second wife, who spent his whole life in the shadow of the main wife – Nefertiti. The world has learned about the young pharaoh solely due to the opening of Carter, who discovered nerazgrablennuyu tomb, where, in addition to the mummies, preserved rich utensils, including the famous gold mask.

About Nefertiti in ancient times composed legends, which say, that never before Egypt does not produce such a beauty. She was considered “perfect”, and her image adorned temples throughout the country. For the Egyptians of the era it was the living embodiment of the forces of the sun, life-giving.

But scientists still can not ascertain its origin – no evidence has not been found. Several Egyptologists inclined to release its Egyptian roots, while others believe that it was alien princess. She gave birth to six daughters of the Pharaoh. The lack of a male heir to the scientists, the negative impact on relationships within the royal family. At the 14th year of the reign of Akhenaten Nefertiti, before playing an active role in the life of a spouse may have fallen from grace, faded, and her place was taken by a secondary queen Kiya.

Astronaut published photos Dubai night from space – Moskovsky Komsomolets

Today, at 03:40, Views: 3335

The astronaut Scott Kelly published in his twitter photos Night Dubai in the UAE and the Canadian city of Calgary, made at the International Space Station.