Yesterday we announced the winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics. They were Japanese scientists Isamu Akasaki Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura, which opened in the early 1990s, blue LEDs. As the Nobel Committee emphasized that the invention has allowed to construct high-power LED white light, which “will cover the XXI Century”. According to experts, the invention of Nobel laureates will help save up to 10% of all electricity produced in the world.
According to the official report of the Nobel Committee, Isamu Akasaki Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura won the award for the invention of the blue LED, “which launched the transformation of lighting technology”, in particular opened the possibility for the construction of “powerful and energy-efficient white light sources.”
The first semiconductor emitters red color appeared in 1962, and the yellow and green LEDs spectrum were first designed in the early 1970s. “Blue LED – something that was missing. Combined with green and red it gives white light with high energy efficiency,” – said yesterday, Chairman of the Nobel Committee for Physics Per Delsing.
First powerful white LEDs appeared in 1996 and has since improved. The site of the Nobel Committee said that the last record of the luminous efficacy produced by such LEDs is 300 lumens per 1 watt of energy consumed, while fluorescent lamps produce four times less light in terms of 1W, and incandescent bulbs – almost 19 times less than . In this case, the LED lights are up to 100 thousand. Hours – ten times longer than fluorescent and 100 times longer than incandescent bulbs. “The lamps lit the twentieth century, and the XXI century will illuminate LEDs,” – said on the website of the Nobel Committee.
85-year-old Isamu Akasaki and his 54-year-old colleague Hiroshi Amano worked on LEDs Nagoya University (scientists continue to work there today.) Award of 8 million Swedish kronor (equivalent to $ 1.1 million, or € 880 thousand). Them share the 60-year-old American citizen, born in Japan Shuji Nakamura. Mr. Nakamura is working at the University of California at Santa Barbara, and experimented with LEDs in a Japanese company Nichia Chemical Industries. Interestingly, the scientist paid for their development of a $ 2 thousand., But later Shuji Nakamura sued the employer $ 7 million.
“incandescent efficiency as a locomotive – from sockets in the light goes one watt of ten. And LEDs – nine out of ten “, – says head of the department of diode-laser spectroscopy of the Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Nadezhda. According to Mr. Delsinga, a quarter of all electricity produced in the world goes to lighting, so LED lamps “help maintain the planet’s resources.” The head of the center of physics Physico-Technical Institute RAS Peter Kop’ev specifies that the invention of Nobel laureates will save up to 10% of all electricity produced in the world.
Opening Nobel laureates led to a breakthrough in the field of construction lasers and density storage of information on laser discs. In particular, blue semiconductor lasers are used in iPods Blu-Ray. “The recording density of information is determined by the wavelength of the laser,” – says Mr. Nadezhda, which does not exclude that in the future the information recording density on laser discs will grow four times.
85-year-old professor Akasaka yesterday recalled that at the same time it started to work, many scholars, but they abandoned their studies, since the discovery of blue LEDs in the scientific community was considered an impossible task for the XX century. “I never thought about success or failure, and just did what he thought was necessary,” – said Mr. Akasaka, advising young scientists to do the same. The awards ceremony will be held on December 10 in the tradition of Stockholm – the day of the death of founder Alfred Nobel Prize.
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