Photo: eol.jsc.nasa.gov
Joint Working Group of the Russian Space Agency and Russian Academy of Sciences conducted a selection of concept development projects of the Moon, the company offers the industry. Won the project “Luna Orbit” proposed by the Space Research Institute (IKI) and Khimki Lavochkin. According to documents joint group Roscosmos and RAS, project is based on the interaction of three to lunar orbit spacecraft: « manned transport spacecraft (PTC) which is already created in the RSC «Energy» is in adapted for flying to the moon shape, cargo vehicle (SCC-A) and reusable lunar automatic ship ( Mlaka) «Corvette» . “Corvette” will descend to the surface of the moon, take the ground and then take off and return to the orbital module .
« During one expedition «Corvette» makes 3-5 moon landings, conducts research and brings on board PTC soil samples from different areas Moon for delivery to Earth, “- said in a joint working group of materials.
The authors of the concept suggest that the crew of Astronauts on PTC provides refueling “Corvette” and unloading soil. According to the source “Izvestia” Roskosmos, the concept of “Luna Orbit” was recognized as logical in the light of already implemented in the NGO named “Lavochkin” program with the devices “Luna-25″, “Luna-26″ and “Luna-27″ – the last from just will study the regolith on the satellite, and then return to Earth. The next part of the same program provides for delivery to Earth ground: it must make “Luna-28″ (aka “Luna-Resource 2″) in the years 2021-2022, according to a draft of the Federal Space Program for 2016-2025 years. PTC around the same time – after 2022 – plans to start flights with astronauts. Since the PTC must fly to the moon, lunar orbit, he can meet the device type “Luna-Resource 2″, for which a return to the orbit of the moon on the idea much easier to return to Earth.
In a workgroup Space Agency and the Russian Academy of Sciences decided that the project “Luna Orbit” should become the primary means of implementing the planned Russian lunar program in the years 2024-2030.
– A vector of our Space – the achievement of the moon, and so the ideology of integration of two existing programs moon seemed logical workgroup – says one of the participants of the working group . – Especially as an alternative to the concept of the RAC was «Energy”, which provides, in effect, a revival of the “Energy-Buran” with the use of the shuttle as interorbital tug.
The most expensive part of the project «Luna Orbit» (his estimate is not presented) is sure to become a new missile capable to send 20-ton PTC, weighed down by the upper stage, the orbit of the Moon. This carrier svehtyazhelogo class, which is planned to build after 2025, now it is only on the choice of the concept. The cost of creating such a missile experts estimate at 700-800 billion rubles. Cargo ship plans to get by upgrading PTC – this costs money, but here we are talking about billions of rubles.
– If we seriously intend to develop the activity on the surface of the Moon, we need a certain infrastructure in its orbit – says CEO Lavochkin Victoria Hart. – This repeater, which could provide a link to the case, if the lander will not have a direct view of the Earth. Around Mars, for example, rotate a few orbital American vehicles, so they did take off the moment of opening the parachute landing of the rover Curiosity. I am very pleased that our proposal was included in the final version of the concept. It made taking into account the latest international experience: the siege of the planets should be conducted systematically, regularly running to her phones.
Former President RSC “Energia” Vitaly Lopota, now the vice president of the Joint Rocket and Space Corporation, expressed the opinion that Russia’s quest for the moon must adhere to the concept of evolutionary development, using the groundwork of the Soviet period.
– I always stood for it. We need to use technology with flight qualification – said Lopota “Izvestia”. – Technology, inherited from the “Energy-Buran”, I say first of all about the engines could be used to create a launcher capable in orbit up to 86 tons. And if you consider the option of hydrogen second stage, we can talk about 100 m. Our proposals have not been heard.
As already mentioned “Izvestia”, the joint working group of the RAS and the Russian Space Agency to develop the concept of development of the Moon put forward the idea that Russia should promptly staking the most promising areas of the Moon – its South Pole. “Already in the first half of the XXI century rivalry unfold space powers for the possession of the most attractive lunar springboard for the creation of future research station” – says the document. Thus landing astronauts on the lunar surface and polygon creation there are planned for the period after 2030, and by 2030 it is planned to send a crew to orbit the Moon.
According to the source Roskosmos, the concept of development of the Moon is scheduled to submit to the Prime Minister on November 13. On this date scheduled consideration of “State Space Activities of the Russian Federation”, responsible for its preparation is defined Roskosmos.
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