Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for microscopes with Super Resolution – RBC

The winners of the Nobel Prize in 2014 for his research in the field of chemistry became Kjell Stefan (Germany), and William and Eric Merner Bettsig (both – the citizens of the United States) for the development of methods of fluorescence microscopy super resolution. In a press release of the Nobel Committee noted that superfluorescent microscopy allowed scientists to study the structure of the different objects on a very small scale, high-resolution record c. With this technique it is possible, in particular, to study the structure of biological molecules, which is important in terms of creating new drugs.

In 2013, the Nobel Committee awarded the Prize in Chemistry to Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt and Ari Uorshelu for “the creation of multi-level models of complex chemical systems.” Their research laid the foundation for the creation of powerful computer programs that are used to understand and predict chemical processes. In a press release of the Nobel Committee noted that work laureates, to use the approach of quantum chemistry, are important for understanding the structure and function of molecules in living cells, as well as for the development of new medicines.

In the history of the Nobel Prize award for in chemistry was the only scientist from Russia or the Soviet Union – in 1956 for “research in the field of chemical reactions” gold medal was awarded Academician Nikolai Semyonov.

In 2014, the list of candidates for the most prestigious peace prize went 278 nominees, including 47 public and international organizations. Under the terms of the award, this list is the secret archives of the committee may be published only 50 years later. Despite the fact that the beginning of the Nobel Week is held in the 113th time Prize in Chemistry is awarded only in the 106 th time. In 1916, 1917, 1924, 1933 and 1940-1942 respectively, for various reasons Prize in Chemistry was not awarded.

Nobel Week traditionally began with the announcement of the winner in medicine and physiology. On Monday, October 6 Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Medical Institute in Stockholm announced the award of the prize for the 2014 American John O’Keefe and Norwegian physiologists – spouses May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser. The prize was awarded for the study of the brain and the discovery of cells responsible for the positioning system.

This is the neurons that allow us to navigate in space, to precisely locate, store and run routes. The Nobel committee metaphorically describes this system as “internal GPS».

The next day, the Nobel committee announced that the prize in 2014 for research in physics was awarded a Japanese scientist Isamu Akasaki Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nahamura (the latter is a United States citizen). They became laureates of the “invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes, which are allowed to create a bright and energy efficient sources of white light.”

The Swedish Academy, the Nobel Committee which decides on the award of the prize in literature, traditionally called the date of the announcement of the winner after all. It turned out that the winner will be announced on Thursday, on October 9. The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize will be known on October 10 and the winner of the set up in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden “Prize in Economics Nobel Memorial” will be called on 13 October. The amount of each of the Nobel Prize in 2014 is 8 million Swedish kronor ($ 1 million).