It is known that the start of the Russian lunar program moved from 2016 to 2018 For many people in our country, this news came as a great discovery. The first time they even know that Russia is taking real steps to send future manned spacecraft to the Moon.
The prospective view of the Russian permanent manned base on the Moon
So we decided to talk about what the moon program of our country, and when the natural satellite of the Earth will be Russian manned station .
History
After the flight of Yuri Gagarin into space April 12, 1961 The space race between the Soviet Union and the United States turned on an unprecedented scale. The two superpowers of the time began a large-scale competition for the development of extraterrestrial space, sparing it any money or other resources.
Yuri Gagarin before the start
Already in 1961 it became clear that the next large-scale achievement in the space race would be the landing of men on the moon, although at that the time it was absolutely unreal. But in subsequent years technology has evolved so much space rapidly that by the end of the decade they were allowed to perform this action. Another question is which country will do it first.
The group of astronauts to participate in the Soviet lunar program was formed in 1963 and finally approved in 1967 was planned that the first citizen of the USSR and the world to set foot on the moon, will be Alexei Leonov.
But Americans began to technical preparations for a manned flight to the moon before, but because the Soviet Union was forced to act as a laggard. But no miracle happened – a number of objective and subjective reasons, such as a launch accident and less funding has led to the fact that the first people who were on the natural satellite of the Earth, have become citizens of the United States – Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong. It happened on July 20, 1969.
The crew of the American mission Apollo 11 on the Moon
As a result, in November 1969 lunar squad Astronauts dismissed, and eventually was closed and the Soviet lunar program as a whole. Our country was limited to only running on the Lunokhod moon and a number of other experiments on the Moon, for example, by drilling.
Lunokhod-1 on the surface of the Moon
Modern
Within a few decades, such as Russia, and the United States did not even think about how to re-send to the moon manned spacecraft. This proved to be incredibly expensive and pointless from a rational point of view. The idea came back only in recent years. Two leading space powers declared that produce their own lunar mission, long-term goal which is to open on the natural satellite of permanent manned bases.
The question of profitability of such operations will be tackled by the mining operations, the presence of which was found on the moon during the last decades of research.
Russian lunar program
Russia said their desire to colonize the moon in the future in 2007. A brief outline of the lunar program was originally divided into several stages:
1. 2016-2025 – Launch to the Moon unmanned spacecraft “Luna-25″, “Luna-26″, “Luna-27″, “Luna-28″ and “Luna-29″. Their mission – to explore the surface of the only natural satellite of our planet, to explore the grounds, as well as select the optimal location for a future lunar base in the South Pole.
2. 2028-2030 – manned expedition to the flyby of the moon around its orbit without landing on the moon’s surface.
3. 2030-2040 – landing crews of several expeditions to the lunar surface in alleged Russian lunar base. Within these missions astronauts will install the first elements of the landfill infrastructure, as well as an observatory and facilities for monitoring the Earth.
4. 2040-2050 – building of a permanent manned base on the Moon.
Luna-25, Luna 26, Luna 27, Luna 28 and Luna 29
first spacecraft, which will fly to the moon, would be the “Luna-25″. Its launch will be, primarily symbolic. It is planned to install a minimum of research equipment, because the main goal – a declaration of intent of our country to return to the moon.
«Luna-26″ – this is the orbital device that will make flying around the moon for remote study the moon’s surface, the coordination of the work of future landers, and the connection between them and the Earth. This will be the first element of a future permanent infrastructure of the Russian lunar base.
Luna 25 and Luna 26
The spacecraft “Luna -27 “on Earth’s natural satellite will be delivered to drill several meters long, which is necessary for attempts to observe the lunar soil with a certain content of water ice needed for the future of manned base. Deliver necessary for the functioning of the settlement amount of water on the moon from Earth is impossible, and therefore should produce it on the spot. It is assumed that a ground is at a depth of 2 meters. “Luna-27″ will also be equipped with the equipment, which will explore the samples on the spot.
The aim of the unit “Luna-28″, as well as its predecessor, is the fence of the lunar soil to the alleged presence of water ice. But he, unlike the previous one, will not investigate materials on the moon and return to obtain a sample to Earth.
After starting the “Luna-28″ on the Earth’s natural satellite will also be sent to the spacecraft “Luna-29 “that takes back rover.
It is only based on the results of the first run, it will be decided when and in what format to send to the moon and its orbit manned spacecraft.
plans to launch spacecraft Luna 25, Luna 26, Luna 27, Luna 28 and Luna 29
By the way, the name “moon- 25 “initially received a spacecraft that was supposed to fly to the natural satellite in 1977 to take back” Lunokhod-3. ” But the start of this device has been canceled, and his name has taken over future lunar station. To avoid confusion, did not start the device has received a new name – “Moon-25A».
Transfer
It was originally planned that the launch of the spacecraft “Luna-25″ will be held in 2016 . But recently it became known that carry out these plans, at the moment, it is not possible due to the imperfections of technology. So start postponed for two years.
said this director of the Space Research Institute (IKI) Leo Green also said that in 2018 – this is the final date for the start of the Russian lunar program. Further transfers are planned. Really really want our scientists to see as soon as possible colonization of the moon and then Mars .
The Future of Russian moon base
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