Image copyright NASAESAP.OESCH YALE UNIVERSITY
Space telescope “Hubble” discovered the most distant galaxy, which received number GN-z11.
it is so far from Earth that its light is dim star reaches us through the 13.4 billion light-years.
In other words, the “Hubble” sees this galaxy such as it was in 400 million years after the Big Explosion.
The astronomers are confident in the accuracy of their measurements, as they did the spectral analysis of light waves emitted from this galaxy.
Such an analysis is difficult to conduct in the case of such a distant source but if it turns out, the distance to that source can be determined with a high degree of accuracy.
the details of this study will soon be published in the Astrophysical journal magazine.
Cold giants
“It is the pinnacle of achievements” Hubble “in the field of galaxies in the entire history of the cosmos, “- says the head of the scientific group, an astronomer at Yale University Pascal Osh
.” Hubble “, who is already 26 years in space, once again proved that he is a special telescope. When he was running, we studied the galaxy, whose age has passed for only half of the whole of cosmic history, and now we’re back to 97% of the time back. This is the greatest achievement “, -. Astronomer said in an interview with BBC BBC
However, experts believe that a veteran of space research is already close to the edge of their technical capabilities, and look into the farthest reaches of space will have . successor “Hubble”
Such a telescope, “James Webb” is already under construction and should be ready by 2018.
It is set to infrared electromagnetic radiation -. it is in this spectrum is theoretically still possible to discern the light of the very first stars in the universe.
And it is likely there are 200 million light-years farther away than GN-z11.
Scientists are very interesting to explore these first stars and the conditions under which they were born.
Most likely, it was cold giants, formed from the cold inert gas that prevailed then in space.
these giants lived bright, but a relatively short life, and gave the first heavy elements.
They also had to “fry” inert gases around it, taking away electrons from atoms, which led to the formation of the plasma diffuse, which meets to this day in the near interstellar space.
After the Big Bang
Dr Osh and his colleagues argue that GN-z11 is only 1/25 the size of the Milky Way, and the mass of the stars of this galaxy – only 1% of the mass of our own galaxy .
“it is surprising that while it is so bright and so rapidly expanding, creating new stars – Osh Pascal says. – This calls into question some of the established contact models, but it proves that at the beginning of the Universe galaxy formation process was well under way, and it is a good prerequisite for “James Webb” that look in even deeper into space in search of ancestors of this galaxy “.
The galaxy GN-z11 was detected using a wide-angle camera number 3, which was installed during the last servicing mission in 2009.
When astronomers talk about deep space, they use the term “redshift”. it is a measure shift of spectral waves emitted by distant galaxies, as a result of expansion of the universe.
the higher the red object displacement, the farther it is from us, and in the earlier point in cosmic history we see it.
Prior to the discovery made “Hubble” red shift indicator of the most distant galaxies from the Earth was 8.68 (it postpones it to 13.2 billion years in the past).
redshift GN-z11 is 11.1 – is 200 million years closer to the moment of the Big Bang
it is expected that the space telescope “James Webb” look into a past when the universe was only one. or two per cent of its current, that is, at a time when the big bang took place from 100 to 250 million years. In this case, the figure of the red shift will be from 15 to 30.
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